使用脚本修改模型
Matlab提供了强大的m命令, 可以通过脚本实现几乎所有个人用户能执行的操作, 甚至更加快捷
句柄的引入
针对模型的命令行操作, 需要有面向对象的思维, 在模型中, 每个模块每条信号线都是一个对象, 每个模块的端口也可以看作一个对象, 信号的起点与终点也可以看作一个对象
对于每个对象, Simulink均分配了一个独一无二的id, 该id就是句柄
获取句柄
Handles = find_system(bdroot, 'FindAll','on','type','block','BlockType','Inport');
可通过find_system命令获取句柄, 后面参数包括目标模型, 搜索类型, 模块类型, 以上命令可以理解为"搜索当前激活的模型中所有的Inpot模块的句柄"
返回值为一个数组 [1.773000976562500e+03;1.775000732421875e+03]
数组类型很重要, Matlab内置了丰富的针对数组的操作, 可用类似的函数处理, 减少不必要的for循环
获取属性
句柄为特定格式, 无法从句柄中获取可读信息, 可通过进一步操作获取模块的属性
get(Handles(1))
通过get获取句柄1的属性(内容非常非常多)
>> get(Handles(2))
Path: 'test/increase'
Name: 'input'
Tag: ''
Description: ''
Type: 'block'
Parent: 'test/increase'
Handle: 1.7750e+03
HiliteAncestors: 'none'
RequirementInfo: ''
FontName: 'auto'
FontSize: -1
FontWeight: 'auto'
FontAngle: 'auto'
Selected: 'off'
MaskType: ''
MaskDescription: ''
MaskHelp: ''
MaskPromptString: ''
MaskStyleString: ''
MaskVariables: ''
MaskTunableValueString: ''
MaskCallbackString: ''
MaskEnableString: ''
MaskVisibilityString: ''
MaskToolTipString: ''
MaskVarAliasString: ''
MaskInitialization: ''
MaskSelfModifiable: 'off'
MaskDisplay: ''
MaskBlockDVGIcon: ''
MaskIconFrame: 'on'
MaskIconOpaque: 'opaque'
MaskIconRotate: 'none'
MaskPortRotate: 'default'
MaskIconUnits: 'autoscale'
MaskValueString: ''
MaskRunInitForIconRedraw: 'analyze'
MaskTabNameString: ''
Mask: 'off'
MaskCallbacks: {0×1 cell}
MaskEnables: {0×1 cell}
MaskNames: {0×1 cell}
MaskPropertyNameString: ''
MaskPrompts: {0×1 cell}
MaskStyles: {0×1 cell}
MaskTunableValues: {0×1 cell}
MaskValues: {0×1 cell}
MaskToolTipsDisplay: {0×1 cell}
MaskVisibilities: {0×1 cell}
MaskVarAliases: {0×1 cell}
MaskWSVariables: []
MaskTabNames: {0×1 cell}
MaskObject: []
Ports: [0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]
Position: [20 38 50 52]
Orientation: 'right'
PortRotationType: 'default'
ForegroundColor: 'black'
BackgroundColor: 'white'
DropShadow: 'off'
IOType: 'none'
NamePlacement: 'normal'
NameLocation: 'bottom'
ShowName: 'on'
HideAutomaticName: 'on'
Priority: ''
Commented: 'off'
CodeProfilingOverride: 'inherit'
AttributesFormatString: ''
InstantiateOnLoad: 'off'
PolySpaceEndComment: ''
PolySpaceStartComment: ''
AncestorBlock: ''
ReferenceBlock: ''
SourceLibraryInfo: ''
LibraryVersion: ''
UserDataPersistent: 'off'
UserData: []
CompiledIsActive: 'on'
CompiledVariantInfo: [1×1 struct]
RTWdata: []
HDLData: []
Diagnostics: ''
DialogParameters: [1×1 struct]
IntrinsicDialogParameters: [1×1 struct]
AlgorithmParameters: [1×1 struct]
SecondaryAlgorithmParameters: [1×1 struct]
CompiledSampleTime: [-1 0]
InputSignalNames: {1×0 cell}
OutputSignalNames: {''}
ModelParamTableInfo: []
StatePerturbationForJacobian: 'auto'
SCDEnableBlockLinearizationSpecification: 'off'
SCDBlockLinearizationSpecification: []
CopyFcn: ''
DeleteFcn: ''
UndoDeleteFcn: ''
LoadFcn: ''
ModelCloseFcn: ''
PreSaveFcn: ''
PostSaveFcn: ''
InitFcn: ''
PreStartFcn: ''
StartFcn: ''
PauseFcn: ''
ContinueFcn: ''
StopFcn: ''
NameChangeFcn: ''
ClipboardFcn: ''
DestroyFcn: ''
PreCopyFcn: ''
OpenFcn: ''
CloseFcn: ''
PreDeleteFcn: ''
ParentCloseFcn: ''
MoveFcn: ''
BlockType: 'Inport'
BlockDescription: '为子系统或模型提供输入端口。↵对于触发子系统，'通过延迟外部信号锁存输入' 生成在前一时间步的子系统输入值。↵对于函数调用子系统，启用 '针对函数调用子系统输出的反馈信号锁存输入' 可防止此子系统的输入值在其执行过程中发生变化。↵其他参数可用于显式指定输入信号属性。'
BlockKeywords: ""
LinkStatus: 'none'
StaticLinkStatus: 'none'
PortConnectivity: [1×1 struct]
PortHandles: [1×1 struct]
LineHandles: [1×1 struct]
CompiledPortWidths: [0×0 struct]
CompiledPortDimensions: [0×0 struct]
CompiledPortDataTypes: [0×0 struct]
CompiledPortUnits: [0×0 struct]
CompiledPortComplexSignals: [0×0 struct]
CompiledPortFrameData: [0×0 struct]
DataTypeOverride_Compiled: 'UseLocalSettings'
MinMaxOverflowLogging_Compiled: 'UseLocalSettings'
Capabilities: [1×1 Capabilities]
IOSignalStrings: []
RuntimeObject: [0×1 double]
ExtModeUploadOption: 'none'
ExtModeLoggingSupported: 'off'
ExtModeLoggingTrig: 'off'
TargetArchitectureMapping: {}
Port: '1'
PortName: 'input'
Element: ''
IsBusElementPort: 'off'
IconDisplay: 'Port number'
OutputFunctionCall: 'off'
OutMin: '[]'
OutMax: '[]'
OutDataTypeStr: 'Inherit: auto'
LockScale: 'off'
BusOutputAsStruct: 'off'
BusVirtuality: 'inherit'
Unit: 'inherit'
PortDimensions: '-1'
VarSizeSig: 'Inherit'
SampleTime: '-1'
SignalType: 'auto'
LatchByDelayingOutsideSignal: 'off'
LatchInputForFeedbackSignals: 'off'
Interpolate: 'on'
InputConnect: ''
DataMode: 'inherit'
MessageQueueUseDefaultAttributes: 'on'
MessageQueueCapacity: '1'
MessageQueueType: 'LIFO'
MessageQueueOverwriting: 'on'
可通过get_param获取特定属性 (get命令同样适用)
>> get_param(Handles(1),'PortName')
ans =
'Input'
修改属性
Matlab提供了get get_Param命令获取属性, 同样, 可使用set set_param
set(LineHandle,'MustResolveToSignalObject',0);
由此可见, 句柄是m命令操作模型模块的重要接口
针对模型的修改, 通常都是通过筛选符合要求的句柄, 对其属性修改完成的